The sudden drop of temperature in winter is easy to lead to the decrease of immunity, the decrease of disease resistance and the susceptibility to various diseases. In this season, the key technical measures should be to keep warm and cold, improve the immunity of pigs, and enhance the disease resistance.
First: fear of cold; suitable growth temperature of newborn pigs is 32 ℃ ~ 35 ℃, medium and large pigs are 15 ℃ ~ 25 ℃. Low temperature has a serious effect on the growth and weight gain of pigs. When the temperature of the pig house is lower than the lower limit of the appropriate temperature, the daily weight gain will be reduced by 17.8g for every 1 ℃ reduction; if the temperature of the house is lower than 4 ℃, the speed of weight gain will be obviously reduced, and the feed consumption will be obviously increased. Therefore, in winter, it is necessary to keep warm in pigsty, reduce the consumption of metabolism and improve the feeding efficiency.
Second: fear of humidity; when the ambient temperature in the house is low, the relative humidity will affect the production performance of pigs, especially the piglets. The average weight gain of piglets in the high relative humidity pigsty in winter was about 48% lower than that in the control group, and they were prone to dysentery, enteritis and other diseases. The suitable growth humidity is 50% ~ 80%. Measures such as ventilation, increasing light, laying warm pad can be taken to prevent humidity and keep dry.
Third, fear of wind; fear of "wind through" and "thief wind" in severe winter will not only reduce the house temperature, but also cause pig cold, stroke, rheumatism and other diseases. In winter, the pigsty must be hung with cotton curtain, wind tunnel blocked and doors and windows closed to prevent the cold wind from directly blowing into the pigsty and affecting the normal development of the pig.
Fourth, the temperature of drinking water and feed in winter is closely related to the development and healthy growth of pigs. When the water temperature and feed temperature are too low, raising the water and feed temperature to the temperature of 39 ℃, the pig body will consume a lot of heat energy, and about 0.5-0.75 kg of refined feed will be used to maintain the temperature in vain every day. Therefore, feed warm materials and warm water in winter, and keep the water temperature at about 37 ℃.
Fifth: fear disease; if the temperature of the pig house is low, the humidity is high, the sanitation is poor, and the ventilation is not good in winter, the pig is prone to disease. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the feeding management, keep the enclosure ventilated, clean and dry, disinfect the enclosure regularly, and take appropriate disinfection methods regularly. At the same time, we should observe the form, spirit, food, feces, urine and breath. If there is a pig disease, it should be diagnosed in time and treated in isolation as soon as possible.