In the period of pig disease reproduction, drug use has become an important link in the process of pig breeding. How and some principles should pig farms use drugs? And what should be paid attention to in medication? This article will briefly elaborate for you, hoping to help you.
1. Principle of medication
1. Targeted rational drug use
According to the regularity, characteristics and seasons of the occurrence and prevalence of swine diseases in the region, targeted drugs with broad antibacterial spectrum, good efficacy, resistance to drug resistance, safety and reliability should be selected, such as ofloxacin, amikacin (amikacin), doxycycline, dimethylamine tetracycline, polymyxin, azithromycin and clindamycin. Blind drug abuse is not allowed. Different drugs have different performance in inhibiting and killing pathogens, so it is necessary to select drugs reasonably and carry out drug sensitivity test when necessary in order to use highly sensitive drugs and improve the prevention effect.
2. Appropriate dose
Different preventive doses of different drugs are different, and excessive dosage will cause drug waste and side effects; insufficient dose, poor preventive effect, long medication time, easy to induce bacterial resistance. Therefore, the drug should be used according to the prescribed dose, and the drug should be changed regularly to prevent the production of drug-resistant strains. Considering the variety, gender, age and individual differences of pigs, the sensitivity of young, old and sows to the drugs is higher than that of adult pigs, the dosage should be relatively small, and the dosage of small and weak pigs should also be appropriately reduced.
3. Prevent toxic and side effects
Some drugs stay in the body for a long time, long-term continuous use will accumulate poisoning, such as long-term use of streptomycin or gentamicin to prevent chronic gastritis in pigs will cause drug accumulation poisoning. Some drugs can produce certain side effects while preventing diseases. For example, long-term use of quinolones in large doses can cause liver and kidney dysfunction in pigs. Special attention should be paid in production.
4. Pay attention to incompatibility
When two or more drugs are used together, improper compatibility will lead to physical and chemical reactions such as precipitation, decomposition, agglomeration, etc. among drugs, which will reduce the efficacy, fail to achieve the preventive effect or increase the drug toxicity. For example, sulfonamides can neutralize antibiotics and vitamin B. It is acidic with vitamin C, and will break down when it is combined with basic drugs. When it is combined with tylosin, tylosin, monensin and salinomycin, the toxicity of the latter will increase.
5. Reserved rest period
Sufficient rest period shall be reserved according to the time limit prescribed by the same family to ensure the safety and health of pork products and no drug residues prohibited by the state.
2、 The method of pig medication
Different administration methods can affect the absorption rate of drugs in the body, the extent of drug efficacy and the length of maintenance time, and even cause the change of drug properties. The commonly used group preventive drug administration methods mainly include mixed feeding, mixed water administration, etc., which can be reasonably selected according to the specific situation in production.
Feed with mixed feed: if the pig can eat, it is better to mix the quantitative medicine into a small amount of refined feed evenly, so that the pig can eat by itself.
Feeding: adjust the medicine into paste or liquid. When the pig is in stable condition, pour it into the side of the pig tongue by the gill with a spoon. Generally, feed it intermittently, in small amount and many times slowly. Do not overdose or rush it to prevent the medicine from choking into the trachea, causing foreign body pneumonia or asphyxia.
Swallowing of pill or licking agent: add proper amount of refined feed to the drug, and adjust it to a sticky shape. After the pig is Baoding, smear the paste drug on the root of the pig's tongue and swallow. If it's a pill, put it deep into the mouth and let the pig swallow it.
Administration of gastric tube: if the sick pig cannot eat, and the dosage is large or the medicine has strong smell, the method of administration of gastric tube can be adopted.
3、 Precautions for pig medication
1. Take care of all kinds of new veterinary drugs
At present, the veterinary medicine market is prosperous, but there are many problems, such as disordered production sources, disordered marketing channels, disordered dosage forms, etc., which cause great difficulties for clinical veterinarians and pig farmers in the prevention and treatment of swine diseases. Especially in recent years, the names, brands and dosage forms of some veterinary drugs are very confused, which often confuse veterinarians and pig farmers. In particular, some manufacturers only state the use and usage of the medicine on the outer packaging, but do not state the formula composition of the medicine, which is in violation of national laws and regulations, but also causes difficulties for the veterinarian in clinical use, and even leads to the occurrence of medical accidents.
It should be noted that many manufacturers claim to have developed new veterinary drugs. In fact, they are only combinations of some drugs, many of which are against regulations. They are not new veterinary drugs at all. The development of new veterinary drugs has to go through 3-5 years of clinical trials and is approved by the Ministry of agriculture. It is not a new veterinary drug with a new name.
2. Clinical medication should be treated with both symptoms and treatment
The clinical symptoms of pig disease are often external symptoms and phenomena, and the pathogen is the internal cause of the disease. Therefore, it is necessary to treat both specimens to eradicate the disease and recover the animals. In clinical diagnosis and treatment, due to the large amount of pig food and coarse intake, the whole medicine (such as intravenous injection, intramuscular injection) is often combined with oral medicine (mixed in feed or drinking water); and because there are many Chinese herbal powder, Chinese Western medicine mixture and Chinese medicine injection are many, so the method of combination of Chinese and Western medicine can be used for treatment; at the grass-roots level, especially in the early stage of epidemic disease, it is difficult to diagnose the disease from the clinical symptoms At the original time (such as whether the laxation is caused by bacteria or virus), the antibacterial and antiviral drugs can be used together when the drug is used, so the curative effect is often significant.
In the coming 2018, I hope you pig owners will expand a lot. The owners who need pig raising equipment can contact us, Pratt & Whitney agriculture and animal husbandry technology Co., Ltd. for you at any time